This property describes the foreground color of an element’s text content. In addition it is used to provide a potential indirect value … for any other properties that accept color values.
Go automatically handles conversion between values and pointers for method calls. You may want to use a pointer receiver type to avoid copying on method calls or to allow the method to mutate the receiving struct.
We believe that coupling exceptions to a control structure, as in the try-catch-finally idiom, results in convoluted code. It also tends to encourage programmers to label too many ordinary errors, such as failing to open a file, as exceptional.
Go takes a different approach. For plain error handling, Go’s multi-value returns make it easy to report an error without overloading the return value. A canonical error type, coupled with Go’s other features, makes error handling pleasant but quite different from that in other languages.
Go also has a couple of built-in functions to signal and recover from truly exceptional conditions. The recovery mechanism is executed only as part of a function’s state being torn down after an error, which is sufficient to handle catastrophe but requires no extra control structures and, when used well, can result in clean error-handling code.
c1 := make(chanint) // 一个不带缓冲的,同步信道 gofunc() { time.Sleep(500 * time.Millisecond) // send one value to channl c1 <- 1 }() // do something here fmt.Println("wait for goroutine to quir") <-c1 // 主线程在此等待Go程结束,丢弃信道中的值,因为该值只是用作同步的标识 fmt.Println("go routine done")
var freeList = make(chan *Buffer, 100) var serverChan = make(chan *Buffer)
funcclient() { for { var b *Buffer // 若缓冲区可用就用它,不可用就分配个新的。 select { case b = <-freeList: // 获取一个,不做别的。 default: // 非空闲,因此分配一个新的。 b = new(Buffer) } load(b) // 从网络中读取下一条消息。 serverChan <- b // 发送至服务器。 } }
服务器从客户端循环接收每个消息,处理它们,并将缓冲区返回给空闲列表。
funcserver() { for { b := <-serverChan // 等待工作。 process(b) // 若缓冲区有空间就重用它。 select { case freeList <- b: // 将缓冲区放大空闲列表中,不做别的。 default: // 空闲列表已满,保持就好。 } } }
The client attempts to retrieve a buffer from freeList; if none is available, it allocates a fresh one. The server’s send to freeList puts b back on the free list unless the list is full, in which case the buffer is dropped on the floor to be reclaimed by the garbage collector. (The default clauses in the select statements execute when no other case is ready, meaning that the selects never block.) This implementation builds a leaky bucket free list in just a few lines, relying on the buffered channel and the garbage collector for bookkeeping.